← Health Equity Report Card: Genesee County
Health Services and Access
|
A |
B |
C |
D |
F |
|
No disparity Disparity ratio: 1.0-1.4 |
Little disparity Disparity ratio: 1.5-1.9 |
Disparity may require intervention Disparity ratio: 2.0-2.4 |
Disparity requires intervention Disparity ratio: 2.5-2.9 |
Critical disparity, requires immediate intervention Disparity ratio: ≥ 3.0 |
Disparity Ratio
Disparity can be defined as a significant, unfair difference. Disparity ratios are a measure of the difference in outcomes between two groups. They are calculated by dividing the outcome for one group by the same outcome for a second group. The disparity ratio will always be 1 or greater. The higher the number, the higher the disparity or difference. The resulting number then determines the letter grade for that given indicator. A lack of disparity or difference does not mean adequate health services, access, behaviors, or outcomes.
Report Card by Location
Letter grades indicate the amount of difference between Genesee County and other populations.
No asterisk (*) indicates that other populations face worse outcomes, while those with an asterisk (*) indicate Genesee County faces worse outcomes.
| Indicator | Year(s) | GC x US | GC x MI | GC x Flint |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Cost prevented care |
US: 2021 |
A |
B* |
– |
|
Flu vaccinations |
US: 2019 |
A |
A |
– |
|
Health insurance coverage |
US: 2016-20 |
A |
A |
A |
|
HIV testing |
US: 2021 |
A |
A |
– |
|
Mammography screening |
US: 2019 |
A |
A |
– |
|
Preventable hospital stays |
US: 2019 |
A |
A |
– |
|
Uninsured |
US: 2019 |
A |
B* |
A |
Disparity is present between Genesee County and Michigan residents for cost-prevented care and the percent of the population that is uninsured, with Genesee County residents facing worse outcomes. These outcomes should be monitored and may require intervention. Additional information related to health services and access is needed for the city of Flint.
Report Card by Race
Letter grades indicate the amount of difference between Black and White populations.
No asterisk (*) indicates the Black population face worse outcomes, while an asterisk (*) indicate the White population faces worse outcomes.
| Indicator | Year(s) | US | MI | GC | Flint |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Cost prevented care |
US: 2021 |
B |
B |
B |
– |
|
Flu vaccinations |
US: 2019 |
A |
A |
A |
– |
|
Health insurance coverage |
US: 2016-20 |
A |
A |
A |
A |
|
HIV testing |
US: 2021 |
B |
B |
B |
– |
|
Mammography screening |
US: 2019 |
A |
A |
A |
– |
|
Preventable hospital stays |
US: 2019 |
C |
– |
B |
– |
|
Uninsured |
US: 2019 |
B |
A |
– |
A |
Racial disparity is present in Genesee County for cost prevented care, HIV testing, and preventable hospital stays, with Black individuals facing worse outcomes. These outcomes should be closely monitored and may require intervention. Additional information related to health services and access is needed for the city of Flint.
The orange map illustrates the lack of access to health insurance by census tract among adults in Genesee County. The city of Flint is outlined at the center of the map. The darker the orange color, the lower the access to health insurance.
The gray-scale map illustrates the percentage of the population that identifies as Black by census tract in Genesee County. The city of Flint is outlined at the center of the map. The darker the gray color, the higher the percentage of Black individuals in the population.
It’s important to understand the reason for using census tracts as the unit of analysis rather than USPS-derived ZIP codes in the maps above. ZIP code boundaries were drawn to help deliver mail efficiently, not to understand neighborhood demographics. ZIP codes will often include areas within multiple municipalities with different levels of socio-economic distress, which can make it difficult to evaluate certain public health indicators. This is why ZIP codes are less than ideal for understanding neighborhood-level conditions. Census tracts do not cross municipal boundaries and offer a much better alternative to understanding public health metrics at the appropriate scale.
Definitions
Cost prevented care: Could not see a doctor because of cost in the past year.
Preventable hospital stays: Hospital stays for ambulatory-care sensitive conditions for Medicare enrollees.
Health insurance coverage: People who have health insurance coverage.
Uninsured: People who currently lack health insurance aged 0-65.
Lack of health insurance access: Current lack of health insurance among adults aged 18-64 years.